Spotting the Differences

Adult depression is often characterised by social withdrawal and sadness, while adolescent depression commonly involves irritability, emotional reactivity, difficulties concentrating and suicidality. In many instances it comes without overt signs of sadness or the same social withdrawal as exhibited by adults.

Research also suggests that adolescent depression can differ from adult depression in that it is often:

• preceded by an anxiety disorder
• more closely associated with a family history
• more chronic in course
• more severe

There is also emerging evidence that anti-depressant medication is less effective for children and adolescents when treating depression. A major review published last month suggests that some anti-depressants may be ineffective and can cause harm, particularly for younger children.

It is highly important to be able to notice the signs of depression early, and offer support and help as soon as possible. Any changes in sleep, mood, concentration or anxiety should be monitored closely and discussed with a young person as they may not meet the typical expectations of someone suffering depression.

Working with adolescents suffering from depression and anxiety is one of the areas in which Seed Psychology can provide support.

Sources: Emslie et al., 2005; Beesdo, 2007; Zissok et al., 2007

By Dr Alex Potter, Clinical Psychologist