Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

PTSD is characterised by four main symptom clusters:

1. Re-experiencing the trauma

• Intrusive memories, thoughts, or flashbacks
• Nightmares or distressing dreams
• Intense emotional or physical reactions to reminders of the trauma
• A feeling as though the event is happening again

2. Hyperarousal and reactivity

• Feeling constantly “on edge” or hypervigilant
• Being easily startled or jumpy
• Difficulty sleeping or concentrating
• Irritability, outbursts of anger, or reckless behaviours

3. Negative changes in thoughts and emotions

• Difficulty remembering aspects of the event
• Persistent negative beliefs about oneself, others or the world
• Emotional numbness or detachment from others
• Reduced interest in activities once enjoyed
• Difficulty experiencing positive emotions

4. Avoidance behaviours

• Avoiding places, people, or activities that are reminders of the trauma
• Suppressing thoughts or feelings related to the event
• Avoiding conversations or news coverage about the trauma

These symptoms can significantly interfere with day-to-day functioning and may affect relationships, work, and physical health if left untreated.

PTSD typically develops in response to exposure to one or more traumatic events, such as:

• Physical or sexual assault
• Serious accidents or natural disasters
• Military combat
• Childhood abuse or neglect
• Witnessing violence or injury
• Repeated exposure to distressing material (e.g. through one’s occupation)

Not everyone who experiences trauma will develop PTSD. Personal factors—such as previous trauma, coping style, support systems, and biological vulnerability—can influence a person’s risk.

If you are experiencing PTSD symptoms, you are not alone—and help is available.
Early intervention can significantly improve outcomes. Self-care strategies include:

• Speaking to a trusted healthcare provider
• Connecting with support networks
• Maintaining a regular sleep routine
• Practicing grounding or mindfulness exercises
• Limiting exposure to distressing media or environments

However, professional psychological treatment is often necessary to address the core symptoms and underlying trauma.

At Seed Psychology, we offer evidence-based treatments that can significantly reduce the symptoms of PTSD and help you regain a sense of safety and control.

These may include:

• Trauma-Focussed Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (TF-CBT) – helping to process trauma memories and challenge unhelpful beliefs
  
• Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) – a structured therapy designed to help desensitise and reprocess distressing memories
  
• Emotion regulation and grounding strategies – to reduce distress and improve day-to-day functioning

Our psychologists provide a warm, non-judgemental and trauma-informed environment. We understand that trauma affects people in unique ways and tailor our treatment accordingly to meet your individual needs.

If you think you may be experiencing PTSD, speak to your GP or contact us directly. We can help you find a path toward healing, resilience, and recovery.

Book an appointment today at our Brunswick East clinic or via telehealth across Australia.